Climbing Mount Everest is a formidable task that only a few dare to attempt. Among those who tackle the peak, Sherpas, an ethnic group native to the mountainous regions of Nepal, stand out not only for their expertise and experience but also for their remarkable ability to withstand the thin air of high altitudes without supplemental oxygen. This remarkable ability is thought to stem from centuries of living in high altitudes, which has led to genetic adaptations making them better suited to low oxygen environments.
Sherpas have become synonymous with mountain guiding on Everest, and their skills are unrivaled. They are involved in all aspects of mountaineering there, including setting up ladders and ropes over crevasses, carrying supplies, and guiding climbers to the summit. Their deep familiarity with the mountain, combined with their climbing skills and physiological adaptations, makes them invaluable to any expedition. In fact, reaching the summit of Everest would be nearly impossible without their assistance.
The role of a Sherpa guide is not only physically demanding but also perilous. Despite the risks, many Sherpas are drawn to this occupation because it provides a significant source of income. A Sherpa can earn up to $5,000 USD per expedition, which is a substantial amount in a country where the per capita income is much lower. This financial incentive, coupled with a strong tradition of mountaineering in their community, motivates many Sherpas to take on the challenging role of guiding climbers on Everest.
Moreover, the reliance on Sherpas has brought attention to the need for better treatment and conditions for these guides. In recent years, there have been increasing calls for ensuring fair wages, insurance, and safety measures to protect these essential yet often overlooked members of mountaineering expeditions. The mountaineering community and expedition organizers are gradually becoming more attuned to these issues, acknowledging the indispensable role that Sherpas play in the success of Himalayan expeditions.
In essence, Sherpas are not just guides on Everest; they are guardians of one of the most extreme environments on earth. Their unique capabilities and contributions are what make many of the most audacious human endeavours in the Himalayas possible.
