The terms "idiot," "imbecile," and "moron" were historically used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as classifications in the field of psychology to describe various levels of intellectual disability. These terms were associated with specific IQ ranges: "idiot" was used for individuals with an IQ of 0-20, "imbecile" for those with an IQ of 21-50, and "moron" for those with an IQ of 51-70. These classifications were intended to categorize individuals based on their cognitive abilities and provide guidance for educational and care strategies targeted to different groups.
However, over time, these terms became increasingly perceived as derogatory and insensitive, reflecting negative societal attitudes towards people with intellectual disabilities. As societies have evolved to better understand and respect individuals with such disabilities, these terms have been abandoned in professional settings. The modern approach is more humane and respectful, focusing on individual abilities and support requirements rather than derogatory labeling.
Today, the terminology used to discuss cognitive or intellectual disabilities has shifted towards more respectful and dignified language. Professionals in psychology, education, and related fields use terms such as "intellectual disability" or refer to specific conditions by name, such as Down syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, or developmental delay. This shift is part of a broader movement towards a more inclusive society that values all individuals' rights and opportunities to achieve their potential, regardless of their cognitive abilities. The modern emphasis is on providing support, resources, and education tailored to individual needs, fostering environments where everyone can contribute meaningfully to their communities.
