Situated in the region of Punjab, Pakistan, the Khewra Salt Mine holds the prestigious title of being the second-largest salt mine on the planet. It is not only a significant economic resource but also a fascinating tourist destination, rich in history and visual appeal. The mine's origins can be traced back to its discovery in 326 BC during the expeditions of Alexander the Great. Local legends recount that the site was uncovered by Alexander's horse when it was noticed licking the stones on the ground, leading to the discovery of the salt.
Khewra Salt Mine stretches over an area of about 110 square kilometers, with its underground expansion believed to exceed 40 kilometers. At depths reaching 750 meters, it is a formidable network of tunnels and chambers that excavate as much as 387,747 tons of rock salt annually. This output makes it one of the main sources of salt in the region, known particularly for its high-quality, pink Himalayan salt.
This pink Himalayan salt is renowned worldwide for its unique characteristics and health benefits. It contains over 80 minerals and trace elements, including calcium, magnesium, potassium, copper, and iron, making it far superior in terms of benefits when compared to processed white salt. Its distinct pink color, due to the iron oxide content, makes it a favorite in terms of aesthetics and culinary use.
The mine is not only a production hub but also a popular tourist destination. It boasts an array of sculptures, made from salt, of historical figures and landmarks. One of its most notable features is an assembly hall built entirely of salt bricks, illuminated by fancy light fixtures, which creates a breathtaking spectacle. There's also a mosque, and a replica of Minar-e-Pakistan, a national monument of Pakistan, both carved out of the rock salt. Another interesting feature is the electric train that takes visitors deep into the mine to view these wonders up close.
The mine also addresses health tourism through its asthma therapy rooms, lined with salt bricks, which reportedly improve respiratory issues through salt therapy. Over the years, Khewra Salt Mine has adapted to modern tourism trends to offer more amenities and educational tours, focusing on the historical, geographical, and industrial implications of salt mining in the region.
Despite the massive scale of mining operations, there are continuous efforts towards sustainable practices to ensure minimal environmental impact. The mine is a significant reminder of Pakistan's diverse natural resources and stands as a testament to both natural beauty and human ingenuity.
