Abdul Hamid II, also known as Abdülhamid II, was the 34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigning from 21 September 1842 until 10 February 1918, and was the last Sultan to maintain effective au ...

Murad V, an Ottoman sultan who reigned from May to August 1876, rose to the throne after his dictatorial uncle Abdülaziz was deposed. Murad, a man of great intelligence, had an excellent educa ...

Abdulaziz was the Ottoman Empire's 32nd Sultan, reigning from 25 June 1861 to 30 May 1876. In 1861, he succeeded his brother Abdulmejid I, the son of Sultan Mahmud II. He was the first Ottoman ...

Abdulmejid I was the Ottoman Empire's 31st Sultan, succeeding Mahmud II on 2 July 1839. The development of nationalist groups within the empire's borders was significant during his rule. Ab ...

Mahmud II was the Ottoman Empire's 30th Sultan, reigning from 1808 to 1839. He was born on 20 July 1785 and died on 1 July 1839. His reign is remembered for the vast administrative, military, a ...

Mustafa IV was an Ottoman sultan who reigned from 1807 to 1808 and was a member of the reactionary conservative alliance that deposed his reformer relative, Sultan Selim III. Mustafa, a passionate ...

From 1789 until 1807, Sultan Selim III ruled the Ottoman Empire. Despite his reputation as a wise ruler, the Janissaries removed and imprisoned him, putting his cousin Mustafa on the throne as Must ...

Abdul Hamid I was the Ottoman Sultan from 1774 to 1789, when he signed the humiliating Treaty of Kuçuk Kaynarca to end the war with Russia. In 1783, Russia conquered Crimea (a tributary stat ...

Mustafa III, an Ottoman sultan who sought governmental and military reforms to stem the empire's decline and waged war on Russia, ended in a terrible defeat (after his death). However, Mustafa ...

Osman II, commonly known as Genç Osman, was the Ottoman Empire's 25th Sultan. He ascended to the kingdom as a 14-year-old lively and intellectual child, and during his brief reign. He sa ...